1.How did the characteristic differences between aquatic and terrestrial environments influence the early evolution of tetrapods?
2. Describe the different modes of respiration used by amphibians. What paradox do the amphiumas and terrestrial plethodontids present regarding the association of lungs with life on land?
3. Evolution of the tetrapod limb was one of the most important advances in vertebrate history Describe the inferred sequence of its evolution.
4. Compare the general life-history patterns of salamanders with those of frogs.Which group shows a greater variety of evolutionary changes from the ancestral biphasic amphibian life cycle?
5. Give the literal meaning of the name Gymnophiona.What animals are in this amphibian order? Describe their appearance and habitats.
6. What are the literal meanings of the order names Urodela and Anura? What major features distinguish members of these two orders from each other?
7. Describe the breeding behavior of a typical woodland salamander.
8. How is paedomorphosis important to evolutionary diversification of salamanders?
9. Briefly describe the reproductive behavior of frogs. In what important ways do frogs and salamanders differ in their reproduction?
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